Current Issue : October-December Volume : 2022 Issue Number : 4 Articles : 5 Articles
Soybean production in the U.S. Mid-South relies heavily on irrigation with 85% of soybean surfaces irrigated in Arkansas. Reduction in irrigation due to water quantity restrictions will significantly affect soybean seed yield, making variety selection increasingly important. The objective of the study was to assess if irrigation onsets at different reproductive stages affect wilting, seed yield, and key agronomic traits on determinate maturity group 5 (MG 5) soybean. One-hundred sixty-five F4-derived populations of recombinant inbred lines with determinate growth habit, similar maturity, and contrasting wilting potential were planted in an augmented strip-plot design in four environments as a single replicate. Four irrigation onsets were applied at R1 (initiation flower), R2 (full bloom), R3 (initiation pod), and R4 (full pod) using an atmometer. Results indicated significant differences in wilting and yield but no significant differences in maturity, protein, oil concentration, and 100-seed weight across different irrigation onsets. There was no significant difference between the fast and slow wilting genotypes across different irrigation onsets for each trait. Allowable depletions measured in this study indicated that both fast and slow wilting soybean genotype determinate MG5 can tolerate high allowable depletion with no significant yield penalty at R3 growth stage in silt loam soil....
The reduction of row spacing and increase of crop population density are important tools for maximizing crop yield. For this strategy to be effective, the crop population should not create intraspecific crop competition that penalizes yield. Thus, planting arrangements that increase light interception throughout the canopy without increasing row spacing might be needed to maintain yield. In this study, heterogeneous planting arrangements on evenly spaced rows were analyzed for maize (Zea mays L.), cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), and soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.). Each crop had four planting arrangements: (1) normal density in all rows, considered the control, (2) doubled density in all rows, (3) a sequential arrangement of normal and tripled densities (each in every other row; NTNT), and (4) normal-tripled-tripled-normal (NTTN). Maize and cotton did not exhibit changes in growth and architecture when comparing uniform and variable planting arrangements. Soybeans were more adaptable and increased biomass production by 44% to 45% in variable arrangements. None of the crops showed differences in yield due to planting arrangement, so the use of rows with different densities might not be needed when using high densities to maximize yield....
Seedling vigor in tomato and paprika is affected by variety. Genotype selection under environmental stresses and its effects on seedling vigor was investigated. During the year 2021, the study was carried out and it revealed an appropriate selection for open field gardeners. The selection of two droughttolerant, and one non-drought tolerant cultivars was the initial stage. Six commercial genotypes were evaluated (three for tomato and three for paprika). The second phase involved planting cultivars till the cotyledon leaves phase, and the first set of true leaves. Seedlings were investigated under simulated environmental stresses of non-ideal temperatures, low humidity, closed spacing, minimum light dose, nutrient-deficient water, and spraying a lower dosage of salicylic acid. The evaluation of seedling’s growth was performed by measuring germination percentage, seedling length, shoot length, root length, seedling fresh weight, seedling dry weight, and seedling vigor index. Tomato (Mobil) and paprika (Carma) seedlings outperform other varieties, possibly because of the variety’s vigor under various stress conditions. These findings reveal that tomato (Mobil) and paprika (Carma) had a positive impact on development and may be raised under optimal conditions of nurseries and then be transferred to open-air environmental and biological exposed conditions in Hungary....
The Internet of Things (IoT) makes it conceivable to communicate among distinctive things. The use of IoT in the farming industry is critical for increasing utility. Smart agricultural practices may boost crop yield while also creating more output with the same amount of input. The majority of farmers, however, are still unaware of the most recent technologies and procedures. In this study, a revolutionary wireless mobile robot based on the Internet of Things (IoT) is created and installed to perform a variety of outdoor tasks. The benefits of this work include more accurate and efficient data, as well as a reduction in manpower. This research has applications in agriculture, arrival, and water division. Keen agrarian frameworks have been built up in different parts of the world utilising the Internet of Things (IoT) and remote sensor systems. One of the branches that springs to intellect in this respect is exactness cultivating. Numerous analysts have made checking and robotization frameworks for different cultivating capacities. Information collection and transmission between IoTgadgets set in ranches will be basic utilising WSN. The Kalman Filter (KF) is used with expectation investigation within the proposed method to get high-quality information free of commotion and exchange it with cluster-based WSNs. The quality of information utilised for examination is progressed as a result of this strategy, and information transport overhead within the wireless sensor network application is decreased. A decision tree is used for forecast analytics decision making for trim surrender expectation, trim classification, soil classification, climate expectation, and trim malady expectation. IoT components integrated with IoT cloud are coordinates in proposed framework to supply keen arrangement for edit development observing to clients....
The intensive use or discontinuation of the use of swards can compromise biodiversity, yields, and feed quality; thus, leading to the degradation of permanent grasslands. Various methods of renovation are employed to restore the usability of degraded swards. In the years 2013–2016, a monofactorial field experiment was carried out on the Experimental Farm in Grabów (province of Mazowieckie, Poland). The experiment involved swards being reseeded after ploughing (P) and after disking with a compact harrow (H), with a non-renovated sward as the control treatment. The plots under renovation were reseeded with a lucerne–grass mixture. Both seedbed preparation methods for the renewed sward, ploughing (P) or shallow disking to a depth of 5 cm (H), were found to be effective for increasing sward yields, restricting weed growth, and reducing the number of weeds in the sward. The ploughing-based renovation method (P) had a strongly restrictive effect on biodiversity, as expressed by the H’ function value vis-à-vis the harrow method (H) and the nonrenewed control (NR). Dicotyledonous species accounted for 92.3% of the weed population in the studied treatments. Of these, Taraxacum officinale, Achillea milefolium, Capsella bursa-pastoris, and Plantago maior occurred in the highest numbers....
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